Описание: This book provides a complete guide on tools and techniques for modeling of supercritical and subcritical fluid extraction (SSFE) processes and phenomena. It provides details for SSFE from managing the experiments to modeling and optimization. It includes the fundamentals of SSFE as well as the necessary experimental techniques to validate the models. The optimization section includes the use of process simulators, conventional optimization techniques and state-of-the-art genetic algorithm methods. Numerous practical examples and case studies on the application of the modeling and optimization techniques on the SSFE processes are also provided. Detailed thermodynamic modeling with and without co-solvent and non equilibrium system modeling is another feature of the book.
The book consists of seven chapters. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the field of supercritical and subcritical fluid extraction (SSFE) and their importance to food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Chapter 2 describes the concepts and methodologies for modeling, simulation as well as optimization. It presents conservation laws related to SFE traditional first principle modeling and optimization techniques, statistical modeling as well as advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques like genetic algorithm, fuzzy logic and artificial neural network (ANN). The characteristics and physical properties of palm oil as the most referred solute in the book, and descriptions of some existing palm oil industrial processes are presented in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4, the first principle methodology is applied for modeling of properties of palm oil components, mixtures and for the supercritical fluid extraction of palm oil components. Modeling applications involving advanced techniques such as AI, ANN and fuzzy logics and ANFIS are discussed in Chapter 5. Next, Chapter 6 describes experimental design concepts and procedures as well as statistical optimization techniques involving SSFE processes. Finally, optimisation of SSFE using first principle modeling and other advanced techniques are presented in Chapter 7.
Описание: The driving force for this development is the need for automated, sim- pler, faster, non-destructive and selective methods for extraction, preferably using non-toxic extraction media which are easily disposed of.
Автор: E.D. Ramsey Название: Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques ISBN: 0751404462 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780751404463 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 28734.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Research and development in the application of supercritical fluids for the extraction of analytes from sample matrices has reached the stage where it is the technique of choice for some applications and offers promise in others. This book examines both off-line and on-line modes of SFE technology.
Автор: E.D. Ramsey Название: Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques ISBN: 9401060762 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789401060769 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 28734.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: During the past decade supercritical fluid extration (SFE) has attracted considerable attention as a sample preparation procedure in analytical chemistry.
Описание: Covers the fundamental principles involved in the preparation and characterization of supercritical fluids (SCFs) used in the energy production and other environmental applications. This book features the basics of sub- and supercritical fluids, like thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations.
Описание: Materials for Ultra-Supercritical and Advanced Ultra-Supercritical Power Plants provides researchers in academia and industry with an essential overview of the stronger high-temperature materials required for key process components, such as membrane wall tubes, high-pressure steam piping and headers, superheater tubes, forged rotors, cast components, and bolting and blading for steam turbines in USC power plants. Advanced materials for future advanced ultra-supercritical power plants, such as superalloys,new martensitic and austenitic steels, are also addressed. Chapters on international research directions complete the volume. The transition from conventional subcritical to supercritical thermal power plants greatly increased power generation efficiency. Now the introductions of the ultra-supercritical (USC) and, in the near future, advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) designs are further efforts to reduce fossil fuel consumption in power plants and the associated carbon dioxide emissions. The higher operating temperatures and pressures found in these new plant types, however, necessitate the use of advanced materials.
Enzymes are currently used in various industries, most commonly in food, detergents, and pharmaceuticals production. Lipases are hydrolytic enzymes that demonstrate great potential as an alternative to conventional catalysts in a number of industrial applications. A complete understanding of enzymes, and their proteins structure and environmental behavior, can greatly aid in the further development of industrial applications. Supercritical Fluids Technology in Lipase Catalized Processes provides basic information about enzymes, their sources, reaction kinetics, and main industrial applications. The book focuses in lipases. their main sources, structure, and features, with an emphasis on their specificity and interfacial activity, and presents proven techniques for isolating, extracting, and purifying.
Comprised of six compact chapters, this comprehensive guide introduces:
Immobilization techniques and immobilized lipases that allow repeated use (which is essential from an economic point of view)
Different bioreactor configurations using immobilized lipases
The latest information on the available technologies in lipolytic reactions
The advantages of nonaqueous media in biochemical synthesis over aqueous and solvent-free systems
Material on the use of lipases in nonaqueous media to overcome the drawbacks usually encountered with the use of conventional chemical catalysts
The use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) as a green alternative reaction medium
Factors affecting the physical properties of lipases in this medium and, hence, their activity and stability
A case study using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) for biodiesel production
Novel, cutting-edge technology, using immobilized enzymes to reduce the overall production cost
Supercritical Fluids Technology in Lipase Catalized Processes outlines the main industrial applications of common enzymes and discusses relevant challenges and innovations emerging in the field.
Описание: Discusses the developments which may lead to the routine use of supercritical fluid in analytical extensive chemistry. This book includes chapters containing practical advice, in addition to covering the appropriate theoretical detail.
Описание: The use of supercritical fluids in analytical chemistry is still grow- ing. The advantages of supercritical CO , such as having dif- 2 fusivity like a gas and solvating power depending on temperature and pressure, are also valid for other fluids and modified fluids.
Автор: Syed S.H. Rizvi Название: Supercritical Fluid Processing of Food and Biomaterials ISBN: 0834213567 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780834213562 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 19591.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Explains why modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is the leading "green" analytical and purification separations technology.
Modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is the leading method used to analyze and purify chiral and achiral chemical compounds, many of which are pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical candidates, and natural products including cannabis-related compounds. This book covers current SFC instrumentation as it relates to greater robustness, better reproducibility, and increased analytical sensitivity.
Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Carbon Dioxide Containing Mobile Phases covers the history, instrumentation, method development and applications of SFC. The authors provided readers with an overview of analytical and preparative SFC equipment, stationary phases, and mobile phase choices. Topics covered include: Milestones of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography; Physical Properties of Supercritical Fluids; Instrumentation for SFC; Detection in SFC; Achiral SFC Method Development; Chiral SFC Method Development; and Preparative Scale SFC. The book also includes highlights of modern applications of SFC in the final chapters--namely pharmaceuticals, consumer products, foods, polymers, petroleum-related mixtures, and cannabis--and discusses the future of SFC.
Provides a clear explanation of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical fluids, which gives the reader a better understanding of the basis for improved performance in SFC compared to HPLC and GC
Describes the advantages of SFC as a green alternative to HPLC and GC for the analysis of both polar, water-soluble, and non-polar analytes
Details both achiral and chiral SFC method development, including modifiers, additives, the impact of temperature and pressure, and stationary phase choices
Details why SFC is the premier modern preparative chromatographic technique used to purify components of mixtures for subsequent uses, both from performance and economic perspectives
Covers numerous detectors, with an emphasis on SFC-MS, SFC-UV, and SFC-ELSD (evaporative light scattering detection)
Describes the application of SFC to numerous high-value application areas
Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Carbon Dioxide Containing Mobile Phases will be of great interest to professionals, students, and professors involved in analytical, bioanalytical, separations science, medicinal, petroleum, and environmental chemistries. It will also appeal to pharmaceutical scientists, natural-product scientists, food and consumer-products scientists, chemical engineers, and managers in these areas.
Автор: John R. Williams; Anthony A. Clifford Название: Supercritical Fluid Methods and Protocols ISBN: 1617370797 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781617370793 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 21661.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Over the last 15 years, there has been renewed interest in supercritical fluids owing to their unique properties and relatively low environmental impact. Supercritical carbon dioxide has been the most widely used supercritical fluid, mainly because it is cheap, relatively nontoxic, and has convenient critical values.
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