Do Our Children Have a Chance?: A Human Opportunity Report for Latin America and the Caribbean, Molinas Vega Josй R., Paes De Barros Ricardo, Saavedra Chanduvi Jaime
Описание: This report estimates how crises change labour market flows, assesses how these changes affect people, and discusses the key policy responses. A better policy framework for preventing, managing, and helping people recover from crises is crucial to lifting long-term growth and livelihoods in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Автор: United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Название: Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 ISBN: 9211219140 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789211219142 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 4574.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: In its latest edition, the Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean report analyses in depth the FDI received by the Caribbean, where these flows are much more significant than in the rest of the region as a proportion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The study also examines the impact of FDI on the environment.
Описание: One of ECLAC`s most important annual reports, this analyses the economic performance of the region throughout the year, the international context and macroeconomic policies implemented by countries, while also providing an outlook for 2018.
Автор: Bonilla-Chac?n Название: Promoting Healthy Living In Latin America And The Caribbean ISBN: 1464800162 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464800160 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 4019.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This book examines the health and economic impact of noncommunicable diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean and the governance challenges in designing and implementating multisectoral interventions to prevent these conditions, including policies to improve diet, increase physical activity, and reduce tobacco use and alcohol abuse.
Описание: A better policy framework for preventing, managing, and helping people recover from crises is crucial to lifting long-term growth and livelihoods in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The need for this policy framework has never been more urgent as the region faces the monumental task of recovery from the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. Whether specific policy responses will deliver the expected growth dividends will depend on the underlying vision of how labor markets adjust to crises and the quality of the policies enacted. This report estimates how crises change labor market flows, assesses how these changes affect people, and discusses the key policy responses.The key findings are threefold. First, crises have significant impacts on employment dynamics and structure in Latin America. Different labor market dynamics hide behind similar reductions in labor demand. Crises increase unemployment. This is the principal margin of adjustment despite highly informal labor markets. Across the region, the biggest employment losses are in the formal sector, driven by a reduction in job-finding rates rather than higher job-loss rates. Adjustment through reduction in hours worked does not seem to be an important factor in most countries' formal or informal sectors. Crises do not just shape worker flows temporarily—they have significant after-crisis effects on the structure of employment that last for several years. These effects are such that good job opportunities are gradually shrinking. Whereas in some countries the whole economy shrinks, in others informality serves as a partial buffer. Second, crises leave scars. Some workers recover from displacement and other livelihood shocks, while others are permanently scarred. For lower-skilled workers, earnings losses are persistent. Workers with higher education suffer no impacts of the crisis on their wages and very short-lived impacts on their employment. The responses are similar across male and female workers and workers with high and low previous participation in the formal labor market. New entrants to the labor market during a crisis face a worse career start – one from which it is difficult to recover. Yet, crises also bring efficiency gains, as detailed in this report.This study finds that both the structure of product markets and the conditions in local labor markets matter for the severity of crisis-induced employment and earnings losses across localities and sectors. Workers in more protected sectors that enjoy rents are sheltered from adjustment, while workers in localities with more informality cope better. This suggests the need for integrated responses at the worker, sector, and locality levels.Third, this study considers how the region’s policy frameworks can more effectively respond to crises—mitigating scarring, speeding adjustment, and promoting long-term growth. It proposes a three-pronged strategy, including (i) creating a more stable macroeconomic environment at the aggregate level to smooth the impacts of crises, including "automatic stabilizers" such as countercyclical, publicly-financed income support that is lacking in LAC; (ii) increasing the capacity of social protection and labor policies to provide income support as well prepare workers for change through reemployment assistance; and (iii) tackling structural issues, including addressing product market competition, contestability issues, and the spatial dimension behind poor labor market adjustment.
Автор: Jorge Thompson Araujo, Markus Brueckner, Mateo Clavijo, Ekaterina Vostroknutova, Konstantin M. Wacker Название: Beyond Commodities: The Growth Challenge of Latin America and the Caribbean ISBN: 1464806586 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464806582 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3756.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: During the 2000s, the Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC) saw a decade of growth and income convergence. Its growth performance was also especially pro-poor. Understanding the factors underlying the region’s growth is critical for policy design going forward. This volume reassesses these engines of growth in light of new data and information. To a large extent, the LAC region benefitted from external conditions and policy decisions in the 2000s. However, with the favorable external conditions coming to a close, the determinants of growth that are influenced by policy will need to play a bigger role if the region wants to avoid losing its growth momentum. Using dynamic panel data regressions, this publication investigates how aggregate economic, political, and social variables affect per capita GDP growth rates for a large sample of countries. The research finds that drivers of growth in LAC have shifted over the last decade. Most LAC countries had already brought their macroeconomic house in order throughout the 1990s, which facilitated benefits from other sources of growth. While structural features continued to be robust determinants of growth, for many LAC countries— most notably net commodity exporters—external conditions were an essential driver. This publication also carries out a benchmarking exercise that sheds light on where the greatest return on investment could be for LAC countries in terms of broad policy directions. The empirical findings provide a window into the potential growth-facilitating role that governments can play in the region.
Описание: "Over the last decade Latin America and the Caribbean region has achieved important progress towards the World Bank Group's goals of eradicating extreme poverty and boosting income growth of the bottom 40 percent, propelled by remarkable economic growth and falling income inequality. Despite this impressive performance, social progress has not been uniform over this period, and certain countries, subregions and even socioeconomic groups participated less in the growth process. As of today, more than 75 million people still live in extreme poverty in the region (using $2.50/day/capita), half of them in Brazil and Mexico, and extreme poverty rates top 40 percent in Guatemala and reach nearly 60 percent in Haiti. This means that extreme poverty is still an important issue in both low- and middle-income countries in the region. As growth wanes and progress in reducing the still high levels of inequality in the region slows, it will be more important than ever for governments to focus policies on inclusive growth. The book includes an overview that highlights progress towards the goals of poverty eradication and shared prosperity between 2003 and 2012, unpacks recent gains at the household level using an income-based asset model, and examines some of the policy levers used to affect social outcomes in the region. It draws on 13 country studies, eight of which are featured in this volume: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. The other case studies include: Bolivia, Chile, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, and Honduras, which will be included in the web version of the book."
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