Sentencing and Artificial Intelligence, Ryberg/Roberts
Автор: Ashworth Название: Sentencing and Criminal Justice ISBN: 1107652014 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107652019 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 7286.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This unrivalled text on sentencing has been substantially rewritten and updated with the latest legislation, guidelines and decided cases. It now includes an additional chapter focusing on civil preventive orders and other ancillary orders. This is the essential text for anyone interested in criminal justice.
Автор: Jan W de Keijser, Jesper Ryberg, Julian V Roberts Название: Predictive Sentencing: Normative and Empirical Perspectives ISBN: 150994608X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781509946082 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 6176.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Predictive Sentencing addresses the role of risk assessment in contemporary sentencing practices. Predictive sentencing has become so deeply ingrained in Western criminal justice decision-making that despite early ethical discussions about selective incapacitation, it currently attracts little critique. Nor has it been subjected to a thorough normative and empirical scrutiny. This is problematic since much current policy and practice concerning risk predictions is inconsistent with mainstream theories of punishment. Moreover, predictive sentencing exacerbates discrimination and disparity in sentencing. Although structured risk assessments may have replaced ‘gut feelings’, and have now been systematically implemented in Western justice systems, the fundamental issues and questions that surround the use of risk assessment instruments at sentencing remain unresolved. This volume critically evaluates these issues and will be of great interest to scholars of criminal justice and criminology.
Описание: Contextual Characteristics in Juvenile Sentencing assesses how a specific contextual factor-concentrated disadvantage-impacts juvenile court outcomes and considers the relevant implications for the current state of juvenile justice processing.
Автор: Minson, Shona Название: Maternal Sentencing and the Rights of the Child ISBN: 303032737X ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030327378 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 13974.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Acknowledgements Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Aims and Structure Part I: The Foundations Chapter 2: The invisibility of women and their children in the criminal justice system State separation of children from their parents- The family court practice- The criminal court practiceChildren of imprisoned parents: IntroductionWomen in prison in England and Wales- Women in prison 1995 -2006- Women in prison 2007 -2019 - Increasing visibility and numbersThe impacts of parental imprisonment on children Describing the Harms - The doctrine of double effect- Defendant responsibility - Collateral damage or collateral consequences- Punishment DriftReconceptualising the harms - Secondary prisonisation of children and caregivers- Secondary Stigmatisation of children and caregiversConclusion Chapter 3: Methodological Choices and Challenges Research DesignMethodological Choices- Mixed methods design- Triangulation of data - Direct engagement with childrenProcedural and Practice EthicsMethodological Challenges- Access- Power dynamics- Bias and reflexivity The research participants- Families in which child(ren) and caregivers were interviewed- Families in which only child(ren) were interviewed- Families in which only the caregiver was interviewed- Family in which the child(ren) only completed the questionnaire Part II: Explanations for the differentiated treatment of children of defendant mothers Chapter 4: Explanation 1: Children are not adversely impacted when their mother is imprisoned Introduction Overview of international research findingsUnderstanding the impactsSecondary Prisonisation- The changes children experience as a consequence of their mother's physical removal - Physical separation - Change of caregiver - Changes to home - Changes to education - The changes children experience in their relationship with their mother - Maintaining a relationship - Maintaining a relationship through visits - Maintaining a relationship through letters and phone calls - The changed dynamic of the mother and child relationship Secondary StigmatisationConfounding Grief: children's emotional and behavioural responses - Grief- Anger and physical aggression- Sleep problems and regressive behaviours- Problems at school - Anger at authority Conclusion Chapter 5: Explanation 2: The state duty of care does not extend to children of defendant mothers Statutory obligations towards children in England and Wales The welfare of the child - The Children Act 1989- The Threshold Criteria - Post-1989 developments Non-statutory obligations towards children in England and Wales Children's rights and state initiated separation of a child from their parent- Family court proceedings: during the court proceedings - Family court proceedings: after
Автор: Jan de Keijser, Julian V. Roberts, and Jesper Ryberg Название: Sentencing for Multiple Crimes ISBN: 0190607602 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780190607609 Издательство: Oxford Academ Цена: 17424.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Most people assume that criminal offenders have only been convicted of a single crime. However, in reality almost half of offenders stand to be sentenced for more than one crime. The high proportion of multiple crime offenders poses a number of practical and theoretical challenges for the criminal justice system. For instance, how should courts punish multiple offenders relative to individuals who have been sentenced for a single crime? How should they be punished relative to each other? Sentencing Multiple Crimes discusses these questions from the perspective of several legal theories. This volume considers questions such as the proportionality of the crimes committed, the temporal span between the crimes, and the relationship between theories about the punitive treatment of recidivists and multiple offenders. Contributors from around the world and in the fields of legal theory, philosophy, and psychology offer their perspectives to the volume. A comprehensive examination of the dynamics involved with sentencing multiple offenders has the potential to be a powerful tool for legal scholars and professionals, particularly given the practical importance of the topic and the relative dearth of research about punishment of multiple offense cases.
Reveals the secretive, inaccurate, and often violent ways that the American criminal system really works Curtis Flowers spent twenty-three years on death row for a murder he did not commit. Atlanta police killed 92-year-old Kathryn Johnston during a misguided raid on her home. Rachel Hoffman was murdered at age twenty-three while working for Florida police. Such tragedies are consequences of snitching. Although it is nearly invisible to the public, the massive informant market shapes the American legal system in risky and sometimes shocking ways. Police rely on criminal suspects to obtain warrants, to perform surveillance, and to justify arrests. Prosecutors negotiate with defendants for information and cooperation, offering to drop charges or lighten sentences in exchange. In this book, Alexandra Natapoff provides a comprehensive analysis of this powerful and problematic practice. She shows how informant deals generate unreliable evidence, allow serious criminals to escape punishment, endanger the innocent, and exacerbate distrust between police and poor communities of color. First published over ten years ago, Snitching has become known as the “informant bible,” a leading text for advocates, attorneys, journalists, and scholars. This influential book has helped free the innocent, it has fueled reform at the state and federal level, and it is frequently featured in high-profile media coverage of snitching debacles. This updated edition contains a decade worth of new stories, new data, new legislation and legal developments, much of it generated by the book itself and by Natapoff’s own work. In clear, accessible language, the book exposes the social destruction that snitching can cause in heavily-policed Black neighborhoods, and how using criminal informants renders our entire penal process more secretive and less fair. By delving into the secretive world of criminal informants, Snitching reveals deep and often disturbing truths about the way American justice really works.
Описание: The Death Penalty`s Denial of Fundamental Human Rights details how capital punishment violates universal human rights-to life; to be free from torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment; to be treated in a non-arbitrary and non-discriminatory manner; and to be treated with dignity.
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