In 1897, as a white oligarchy made plans to allow the United States to annex Hawai'i, native Hawaiians organized a massive petition drive to protest. Ninety-five percent of the native population signed the petition, causing the annexation treaty to fail in the U.S. Senate. This event was unknown to many contemporary Hawaiians until Noenoe K. Silva rediscovered the petition in the process of researching this book. With few exceptions, histories of Hawai'i have been based exclusively on English-language sources. They have not taken into account the thousands of pages of newspapers, books, and letters written in the mother tongue of native Hawaiians. By rigorously analyzing many of these documents, Silva fills a crucial gap in the historical record. In so doing, she refutes the long-held idea that native Hawaiians passively accepted the erosion of their culture and loss of their nation, showing that they actively resisted political, economic, linguistic, and cultural domination. Drawing on Hawaiian-language texts, primarily newspapers produced in the nineteenth century and early twentieth, Silva demonstrates that print media was central to social communication, political organizing, and the perpetuation of Hawaiian language and culture. A powerful critique of colonial historiography, Aloha Betrayed provides a much-needed history of native Hawaiian resistance to American imperialism.
Автор: Albert J. Schutz Название: Hawaiian Language: Past, Present, and Future ISBN: 0824869834 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780824869830 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 3511.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Hawaiian: Past, Present, Future presents aspects of Hawaiian and its history that are rarely treated in language classes. The major characters in this book make up a diverse cast: Dutch merchants, Captain Cook’s naturalist and philologist William Anderson, ‘?p?kaha‘ia (the inspiration for the Hawaiian Mission), the American lexicographer Noah Webster, philologists in New England, missionary-linguists and their Hawaiian consultants, and many minor players.The account begins in prehistory, placing the probable origins of the ancestor of Polynesian languages in Mainland Asia. An evolving family tree reflects the linguistic changes that took place as these people moved east. The current versions are examined from a Hawaiian-centered point of view, comparing the sound system of the language with those of its major relatives in the Polynesian triangle. More recent historical topics begin with the first written samples of a Polynesian language in 1616, which led to the birth of the idea of a widespread language family. The next topic is how the Hawaiian alphabet was developed. The first efforts suffered from having too many letters, a problem that was solved in 1826 through brilliant reasoning by its framers and their Hawaiian consultants. The opposite problem was that the alphabet didn’t have enough letters: analysts either couldn’t hear or misinterpreted the glottal stop and long vowels. The end product of the development of the alphabet—literacy—is more complicated than some statistics would have us believe. As for its success or failure, both points of view, from contemporary observers, are presented. Still, it cannot be denied that literacy had a tremendous and lasting effect on Hawaiian culture.The last part of the book concentrates on the most-used Hawaiian reference works—dictionaries. It describes current projects that combine print and manuscript collections on a searchable website. These projects can include the growing body of manuscript and print material that is being made available through recent and on-going research. As for the future, a proposed monolingual dictionary would allow users to avoid an English bridge to understanding, and move directly to a definition that includes Hawaiian cultural features and a Hawaiian world view.
Описание: Tracing the lives of some two hundred Native Hawaiian teachers, preachers, pastors, and missionaries, this volume provides new historical perspectives of the indigenous ministry in Hawai`i.
Автор: Ahukini Kupihea, Bryan Kamaoli Kuwada, C. M. Kaliko Baker, Hiapokeikikane Kichie Perreira, Jonathan Kay Kamakawiwo‘ole Osorio, Kahikina de Silva, Kaip Название: Mo`olelo: The Foundation of Hawaiian Knowledge ISBN: 0824895118 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780824895112 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 2257.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: An essential contribution to contemporary Kanaka Maoli (Native Hawaiian) scholarship, Moʻolelo: The Foundation of Hawaiian Knowledge elevates our understanding of the importance of language and narrative to cultural revitalization. Moʻolelo preserve the words, phrases, sentences, idioms, proverbs, and poetry that define Kānaka Maoli. Encompassing narratives, literature, histories, and traditions, moʻolelo are intimately entwined with cultural identity, reciprocal relationships, and the valuing of place, collectively informing and enriching all Hawaiian life. The contributors, all Kanaka Maoli scholars, artists, and advocates from across the Pae ʻĀina o Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian archipelago), all fluent in ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian language), describe how moʻolelo constantly inform their linguistic, literary, translation, rhetorical, and performance practices, as well as their political and cultural work. Chapters in ‘Ōlelo Hawaiʻi alternate with chapters in English, with translanguaging appearing when needed.
Kamalani Johnson honors Larry Kauanoe Kimura’s commitment to the revitalization of ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi. Cover artist ʻAhukini Kupihea tells the story of his own creative process and uncovers the layers of meaning behind his artwork. Through careful analysis of nineteenth-century texts, R. Keawe Lopes, Jr., demonstrates the importance of moʻolelo and mele (song/poetic expression) preservation. Hiapo Perriera explores the profound relationship between moʻolelo and the resurgence of kākāʻōlelo (oratory). Kekuhi KealiʻikanakaʻoleoHaililani shares a methodology and praxis for engaging with moʻolelo. Highlighting the ideology of aloha ʻāina embedded in mele, Kahikina de Silva reveals themes of political resistance found in mele about food. Kaipulaumakaniolono Baker examines mele that archive key movements in Hawaiʻi’s history and employs contemporary practices to document current events. Tammy Hailiʻōpua Baker delineates the political implications of drawing on moʻolelo heritage in Kanaka Maoli theatre. kuʻualoha hoʻomanawanui focuses upon moʻolelo found in the politically conscious artwork of Kanaka Maoli wāhine (women) visual artists. Kamaoli Kuwada evaluates the difficulties and benefits of translation and stresses the importance of fluency. C. M. Kaliko Baker further demonstrates how fluency and comprehension of moʻolelo make it possible to retrieve essential empirical data on Hawaiian linguistic practice. Kalehua Krug takes us on his journey of learning to become a kākau mōlī (traditional tattoo artist). The essays together provide rich perspectives for Kānaka Maoli seeking to understand their pasts, to define who they are today, and to set their courses for desired and necessary futures.
Автор: Samuel Manaiakalani Kamakau Название: Ke Kumu Aupuni: The Foundation of Hawaiian Nationhood ISBN: 0988262983 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780988262980 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 11781.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Ke Kumu Aupuni: The Foundation of Hawaiian Nationhood embodies a monumental history of Hawaiʻi, from the beginnings and political rise of Kamehameha I, the negotiations and battles that would come to unify Hawai‘i’s islands and kingdoms, and the development of a single government that would endure, to be ruled by his son and heir, Liholiho, Kamehameha II. This narrative is an invaluable catalog of data about Hawai‘i, Hawaiians, and the nature of national and cultural identity in the Pacific.
Offered here in both Hawaiian and English, this history gives rich detail regarding Hawai‘i’s lands, genealogies, gods, chiefs, sociopolitical climate, material culture, laws, agriculture, and social decorums, much of which still lingered in the memories of the living informants who were accessible to the original author, Samuel Mānaiakalani Kamakau. From this Hawaiian scholar, trained at the Lahainaluna Seminary in the 1830s, readers are given an extraordinary fabric of cultural and historical knowledge in print, recounting life in Hawai‘i before and during the early interactions with foreigners, the influence of new religion, the negotiation of borders for trade and diplomacy within and beyond the islands, and the introduction of writing and printing in both Hawaiian and English.
This book presents the entire first third of Kamakau’s massive serial column, a section comprised of 60 articles published weekly from 1866 to 1868 in Ka Nupepa Kuokoa under the title "Ka Moolelo o Kamehameha I." This immense assemblageprovides the author’s original text, a biography for Kamakau, and introductory texts that document the means by which this translation has come to exist, itself a history of language recovery and preservation. Illuminating the imbricate nature and plurality of Hawaiian historical methodologies and cultural logics, this text allows readers the opportunity to enjoy the dense storytelling of a Hawaiian master and the chance to interpret language alongside the translator, Puakea Nogelmeier.
While the book contains an extensive bilingual index, this publication is also available as an ebook for full searchability.
Hoʻokino ihola ʻo Ke Kumu Aupuni: The Foundation of Hawaiian Nationhood i ka moʻolelo kuamoʻo o Hawaiʻi, mai kinohi mai o ke ola o Kamehameha I, i kona piʻi ʻana ma ka pae noho aliʻi, i nā ʻaelike me nā kaua i hoʻopili ʻia ai a lōkahi nā moku me nā noho aliʻi, a i kona hoʻokahua ʻana i aupuni hoʻokahi e kūmau ana, na kāna keiki a hoʻoilina auaneʻi, na Liholiho, Kamehameha II, e noho mōʻī. He ʻohina nui a waiwai hoʻi kēia moʻolelo o ka ʻike no Hawaiʻi, no ka poʻe Hawaiʻi, a no ke ʻano iho o ke aupuni a me ka nohona kanaka ma ka Pākīpika.
Ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi me ka Pelekane, ka‘ana maila kēia moʻolelo i ka wehewehe makaliʻi ʻana i ko Hawaiʻi mau ʻāina, moʻo kūʻauhau, akua, aliʻi, kūlana kālaiʻāina, lako nohona, kānāwai, ʻoihana mahi, a loina nohona, ia mau mea i koe nui paha ma nā waihona hoʻomanaʻo o nā kānaka e ola ana i ka wā o ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Samuel Mānaiakalani Kamakau. Mai kēia loea Hawaiʻi mai, i aʻo ʻia a lehia ma ke Kulanui ʻo Lahainaluna ma nā 1830, loaʻa ihola i ka poʻe heluhelu kekahi kilohana kūkahi o ka ʻike moʻolelo a nohona kanaka i paʻi ʻia ihola a e hōʻike akāka mai ana i ke ʻano o ke ola ma Hawaiʻi ma mua a ma loko hoʻi o ka launa mua ʻana me ko nā ʻāina ʻē, ke komo ʻana o ka hoʻomana hou, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā palena ʻāina no ka hana kālepa me ka hana pili kālaiʻāina ma waena a ma waho aʻe o nā moku, pū nō me ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻike palapala ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi me ka Pelekane.
ʻO ka hapakolu mua kēia o ka huina o kā Kamakau kaʻina kolamu nui loa, a ma ʻaneʻi nā ʻatikala he 60 i paʻi ʻia i nā pule pākahi mai ka 1866 a i ka 1868 ma Ka Nupepa Kuokoa me ke poʻomanaʻo ʻo "Ka Moolelo o Kamehameha I." Ma loko o nēia pūʻulu nunui ka moʻolelo kumu a ka mea kākau, ka moʻolelo pilikino no Kamakau, a me ka ʻōlelo hoʻolauna e hoʻopaʻa ana i ke kaʻina i hoʻokino ʻia mai ai kēia unuhi na, ʻo ia ihola kahi moʻolelo no ka hoʻōla a hoʻomau ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ʻōiwi. Ma o ka hoʻomāʻamaʻama ʻana i ke ʻano nuʻanuʻa a manamana i kahu ʻia ai ka moʻolelo a i kūkulu ʻia ai nā manaʻo kanaka, hiki i ka mea heluhelu ke hoʻonanea i ka haʻi moʻolelo ʻana mai o kekahi o nā loea Hawaiʻi, a hiki hoʻi ke kālai pū maila a unuhi ihola i ka ʻōlelo me Puakea Nogelmeier.
ʻOiai lako kēīa puke i ka papakuhikuhi nui ma nā ʻōlelo ʻelua, aia hoʻi kēia puke ma ke ʻano ʻīpuke me kona ʻano i hiki ke ʻimi piha ʻia ihola.
Описание: Davida Malo’s Mo?olelo Hawai?i is the single most important description of pre-Christian Hawaiian culture. Malo, born in 1795, twenty-five years before the coming of Christianity to Hawai?i, wrote about everything from traditional cosmology and accounts of ancestral chiefs to religion and government to traditional amusements. The heart of this two-volume work is a new, critically edited text of Malo’s original Hawaiian, including the manuscript known as the "Carter copy," handwritten by him and two helpers in the decade before his death in 1853. Volume 1 provides images of the original text, side by side with the new edited text. Volume 2 presents the edited Hawaiian text side by side with a new annotated English translation. Malo’s text has been edited at two levels. First, the Hawaiian has been edited through a careful comparison of all the extant manuscripts, attempting to restore Malo’s original text, with explanations of the editing choices given in the footnotes. Second, the orthography of the Hawaiian text has been modernized to help today’s readers of Hawaiian by adding diacritical marks (‘okina and kahak?, or glottal stop and macron, respectively) and the punctuation has been revised to signal the end of clauses and sentences. The new English translation attempts to remain faithful to the edited Hawaiian text while avoiding awkwardness in the English. Both volumes contain substantial introductions. The introduction to Volume 1 (in Hawaiian) discusses the manuscripts of Malo’s text and their history. The introduction to Volume 2 contains two essays that provide context to help the reader understand Malo’s Moolelo Hawaii. "Understanding Malo’s Moolelo Hawaii" describes the nature of Malo’s work, showing that it is the result of his dual Hawaiian and Western education. "The Writing of the Moolelo Hawaii" discusses how the Carter copy was written and preserved, its relationship to other versions of the text, and Malo’s plan for the work as a whole. The introduction is followed by a new biography of Malo by Kanaka Maoli historian Noelani Arista, "Davida Malo, a Hawaiian Life," describing his life as a chiefly counselor and Hawaiian intellectual.
Автор: Samuel Manaiakalani Kamakau Название: Ke Kumu Aupuni: The Foundation of Hawaiian Nationhood ISBN: 0988262991 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780988262997 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 9425.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Ke Kumu Aupuni: The Foundation of Hawaiian Nationhood embodies a monumental history of Hawaiʻi, from the beginnings and political rise of Kamehameha I, the negotiations and battles that would come to unify Hawai‘i’s islands and kingdoms, and the development of a single government that would endure, to be ruled by his son and heir, Liholiho, Kamehameha II. This narrative is an invaluable catalog of data about Hawai‘i, Hawaiians, and the nature of national and cultural identity in the Pacific.
Offered here in both Hawaiian and English, this history gives rich detail regarding Hawai‘i’s lands, genealogies, gods, chiefs, sociopolitical climate, material culture, laws, agriculture, and social decorums, much of which still lingered in the memories of the living informants who were accessible to the original author, Samuel Mānaiakalani Kamakau. From this Hawaiian scholar, trained at the Lahainaluna Seminary in the 1830s, readers are given an extraordinary fabric of cultural and historical knowledge in print, recounting life in Hawai‘i before and during the early interactions with foreigners, the influence of new religion, the negotiation of borders for trade and diplomacy within and beyond the islands, and the introduction of writing and printing in both Hawaiian and English.
This book presents the entire first third of Kamakau’s massive serial column, a section comprised of 60 articles published weekly from 1866 to 1868 in Ka Nupepa Kuokoa under the title "Ka Moolelo o Kamehameha I." This immense assemblageprovides the author’s original text, a biography for Kamakau, and introductory texts that document the means by which this translation has come to exist, itself a history of language recovery and preservation. Illuminating the imbricate nature and plurality of Hawaiian historical methodologies and cultural logics, this text allows readers the opportunity to enjoy the dense storytelling of a Hawaiian master and the chance to interpret language alongside the translator, Puakea Nogelmeier.
While the book contains an extensive bilingual index, this publication is also available as an ebook for full searchability.
Hoʻokino ihola ʻo Ke Kumu Aupuni: The Foundation of Hawaiian Nationhood i ka moʻolelo kuamoʻo o Hawaiʻi, mai kinohi mai o ke ola o Kamehameha I, i kona piʻi ʻana ma ka pae noho aliʻi, i nā ʻaelike me nā kaua i hoʻopili ʻia ai a lōkahi nā moku me nā noho aliʻi, a i kona hoʻokahua ʻana i aupuni hoʻokahi e kūmau ana, na kāna keiki a hoʻoilina auaneʻi, na Liholiho, Kamehameha II, e noho mōʻī. He ʻohina nui a waiwai hoʻi kēia moʻolelo o ka ʻike no Hawaiʻi, no ka poʻe Hawaiʻi, a no ke ʻano iho o ke aupuni a me ka nohona kanaka ma ka Pākīpika.
Ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi me ka Pelekane, ka‘ana maila kēia moʻolelo i ka wehewehe makaliʻi ʻana i ko Hawaiʻi mau ʻāina, moʻo kūʻauhau, akua, aliʻi, kūlana kālaiʻāina, lako nohona, kānāwai, ʻoihana mahi, a loina nohona, ia mau mea i koe nui paha ma nā waihona hoʻomanaʻo o nā kānaka e ola ana i ka wā o ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Samuel Mānaiakalani Kamakau. Mai kēia loea Hawaiʻi mai, i aʻo ʻia a lehia ma ke Kulanui ʻo Lahainaluna ma nā 1830, loaʻa ihola i ka poʻe heluhelu kekahi kilohana kūkahi o ka ʻike moʻolelo a nohona kanaka i paʻi ʻia ihola a e hōʻike akāka mai ana i ke ʻano o ke ola ma Hawaiʻi ma mua a ma loko hoʻi o ka launa mua ʻana me ko nā ʻāina ʻē, ke komo ʻana o ka hoʻomana hou, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā palena ʻāina no ka hana kālepa me ka hana pili kālaiʻāina ma waena a ma waho aʻe o nā moku, pū nō me ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻike palapala ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi me ka Pelekane.
ʻO ka hapakolu mua kēia o ka huina o kā Kamakau kaʻina kolamu nui loa, a ma ʻaneʻi nā ʻatikala he 60 i paʻi ʻia i nā pule pākahi mai ka 1865 a i ka 1868 ma Ka Nupepa Kuokoa me ke poʻomanaʻo ʻo "Ka Moolelo o Kamehameha I." Ma loko o nēia pūʻulu nunui ka moʻolelo kumu a ka mea kākau, ka moʻolelo pilikino no Kamakau, a me ka ʻōlelo hoʻolauna e hoʻopaʻa ana i ke kaʻina i hoʻokino ʻia mai ai kēia unuhi na, ʻo ia ihola kahi moʻolelo no ka hoʻōla a hoʻomau ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ʻōiwi. Ma o ka hoʻomāʻamaʻama ʻana i ke ʻano nuʻanuʻa a manamana i kahu ʻia ai ka moʻolelo a i kūkulu ʻia ai nā manaʻo kanaka, hiki i ka mea heluhelu ke hoʻonanea i ka haʻi moʻolelo ʻana mai o kekahi o nā loea Hawaiʻi, a hiki hoʻi ke kālai pū maila a unuhi ihola i ka ʻōlelo me Puakea Nogelmeier.
ʻOiai lako kēīa puke i ka papakuhikuhi nui ma nā ʻōlelo ʻelua, aia hoʻi kēia puke ma ke ʻano ʻīpuke me kona ʻano i hiki ke ʻimi piha ʻia ihola.
Автор: Marie Alohalani Brown Название: Ka Po‘e Mo‘o Akua: Hawaiian Reptilian Water Deities ISBN: 0824889940 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780824889944 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 8527.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Tradition holds that when you come across a body of freshwater in a secluded area and everything is eerily still, the plants are yellowed, and the water covered with a greenish-yellow froth you have stumbled across the home of a mo‘o. Leave quickly lest the mo‘o make itself known to you! It might eat (‘ai) you or take you as a lover (ai); either way, you will be consumed completely.Revered and reviled, reptiles have slithered, glided, crawled, and climbed their way through the human imagination and into prominent places in many cultures and belief systems around the world. Ka Po‘e Mo‘o Akua: Hawaiian Reptilian Water Deities explores the fearsome and fascinating creatures known as mo‘o that embody the life-giving and death-dealing properties of water. Mo‘o are not ocean-dwellers; instead, they live primarily in or near bodies of freshwater. They vary greatly in size, appearing as tall as a mountain or as tiny as a house gecko, and many possess alternate forms. Mo?o are predominantly female, and the female mo?o that masquerade as humans are often described as stunningly beautiful.During an earlier period in Hawaiian history, mo‘o akua held distinctive roles and filled a variety of functions in overlapping familial, societal, economic, political sectors. Religion, people’s belief in mo‘o akua, was the foundation upon which these roles and functions were established. Marie Alohalani Brown’s extensive research in Hawaiian-language archives has recovered knowledge about more than three hundred mo?o. In addition to being a comprehensive treatise on mo?o akua, this work includes a detailed catalog of 288 individual mo‘o with source citations. It makes major contributions to the politics and poetics of reconstructing ?ike kupuna (ancestral knowledge), Hawaiian aesthetics, the nature of tradition, the study and appreciation of mo?olelo and ka?ao (hi/stories), genre analysis and metadiscursive practices, and methodologies for conducting research in Hawaiian-language newspapers. An extensive introduction also offers readers context for understanding how these uniquely Hawaiian deities relate to other reptilian entities in Polynesia and around the world. Accessibly written about a captivating subject, this extraordinary monograph is the result of over two decades of dedicated study.
Описание: Leveraging Sovereignty: Kauikeaouli’s Global Strategy for the Hawaiian Nation, 1825–1854 examines the leadership of Hawai‘i’s longest reigning monarch, King Kamehameha III. It highlights the early 1840s, when Kauikeaouli secured recognition from the United States, Britain, and France that he ruled over an independent and sovereign Hawaiian state. Britain and France, however, sought to limit his powers through forced extraterritorial treaties, and the king struggled to regain ruling control over key governance functions. At the same time, foreign merchants and traders increasingly dominated Hawai‘i’s economic activity, demanded institutional and social changes, and threatened to overwhelm the Hawaiian population already decimated by disease and out-migration. Kauikeaouli quickly responded to threats to the monarchy’s power with a comprehensive strategy to regain and maintain full functional control. In Leveraging Sovereignty, J. Susan Corley upends the popular narrative begun in Kauikeaouli’s own lifetime that his white ministers ruled in his stead. Adding a new layer of understanding, Corley’s meticulous research reveals insights into historical events and Kauikeaouli’s reign. She supports her findings of the king’s policies and tactical negotiations with an extensive use of Kamehameha III’s own commands as recorded in kingdom archives, letters and documents from government records, and contemporary Hawaiian- and English-language newspaper accounts. While this book includes an overview of the kingdom’s administrative structure in the 1840s, its analysis focuses on the origination, implementation, and effectiveness of key statecraft tactics. The king’s carefully planned strategy relied on the acquisition of western ministerial skills and of an English-language newspaper (the Polynesian) to publicly defend his sovereign rights and privileges at home and abroad. He ensured the enactment of legislation to defeat foreigners’ challenges by strengthening juridical processes and safeguarding land-title rights for Hawaiians, and he deftly managed the multistage renegotiation of unequal international treaties. By the end of his reign in 1854, Kamehameha III’s strategy had succeeded: The king had reclaimed unrestricted power and authority over all governance areas of the independent, sovereign Hawaiian state. He delivered to his successor Kamehameha IV a restructured, constitutional state whose sovereign status was protected by the three maritime powers of that time.
Описание: Examines the leadership of Hawai`i`s longest reigning monarch, King Kamehameha III. The book highlights the early 1840s, when Kauikeaouli secured recognition from the United States, Britain, and France that he ruled over an independent and sovereign Hawaiian state.
Автор: Marie Alohalani Brown Название: Ka Po‘e Mo‘o Akua: Hawaiian Reptilian Water Deities ISBN: 0824889959 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780824889951 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 4712.00 р. Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Описание: Revered and reviled, reptiles have slithered, glided, crawled, and climbed their way through the human imagination and into prominent places in many cultures and belief systems around the world. Ka Po`e Mo`o Akua explores the fearsome and fascinating creatures known as mo`o that embody the life-giving and death-dealing properties of water.
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