The information age owes its existence to a little-known but crucial development, the theoretical study of logic and the foundations of mathematics. The Great Formal Machinery Works draws on original sources and rare archival materials to trace the history of the theories of deduction and computation that laid the logical foundations for the digital revolution.
Jan von Plato examines the contributions of figures such as Aristotle; the nineteenth-century German polymath Hermann Grassmann; George Boole, whose Boolean logic would prove essential to programming languages and computing; Ernst Schr der, best known for his work on algebraic logic; and Giuseppe Peano, cofounder of mathematical logic. Von Plato shows how the idea of a formal proof in mathematics emerged gradually in the second half of the nineteenth century, hand in hand with the notion of a formal process of computation. A turning point was reached by 1930, when Kurt G del conceived his celebrated incompleteness theorems. They were an enormous boost to the study of formal languages and computability, which were brought to perfection by the end of the 1930s with precise theories of formal languages and formal deduction and parallel theories of algorithmic computability. Von Plato describes how the first theoretical ideas of a computer soon emerged in the work of Alan Turing in 1936 and John von Neumann some years later.
Shedding new light on this crucial chapter in the history of science, The Great Formal Machinery Works is essential reading for students and researchers in logic, mathematics, and computer science.
Автор: Inge Название: The Victorian Age ISBN: 1107495091 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107495098 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 2693.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Originally published in 1922, this book presents the content of the Rede Lecture for that year, which was delivered by William Ralph Inge at the University of Cambridge. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the writings of Inge, British history and the Victorian period.
How do media find an audience when there is an endless supply of content but a limited supply of public attention?
Feature films, television shows, homemade videos, tweets, blogs, and breaking news: digital media offer an always-accessible, apparently inexhaustible supply of entertainment and information. Although choices seems endless, public attention is not. How do digital media find the audiences they need in an era of infinite choice? In The Marketplace of Attention, James Webster explains how audiences take shape in the digital age.
Webster describes the factors that create audiences, including the preferences and habits of media users, the role of social networks, the resources and strategies of media providers, and the growing impact of media measures -- from ratings to user recommendations. He incorporates these factors into one comprehensive framework: the marketplace of attention. In doing so, he shows that the marketplace works in ways that belie our greatest hopes and fears about digital media.
Some observers claim that digital media empower a new participatory culture; others fear that digital media encourage users to retreat to isolated enclaves. Webster shows that public attention is at once diverse and concentrated -- that users move across a variety of outlets, producing high levels of audience overlap. So although audiences are fragmented in ways that would astonish midcentury broadcasting executives, Webster argues that this doesn't signal polarization. He questions whether our preferences are immune from media influence, and he describes how our encounters with media might change our tastes. In the digital era's marketplace of attention, Webster claims, we typically encounter ideas that cut across our predispositions. In the process, we will remake the marketplace of ideas and reshape the twenty-first century public sphere.
Автор: Russell Название: Open Standards and the Digital Age ISBN: 1107612047 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107612044 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 4277.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: How did the idea of openness become the defining principle for the twenty-first-century information age? This book answers this question by looking at the history of information networks and paying close attention to the politics of standardization.
Автор: Russell Название: Open Standards and the Digital Age ISBN: 1107039193 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107039193 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 12830.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: How did the idea of openness become the defining principle for the twenty-first-century information age? This book answers this question by looking at the history of information networks and paying close attention to the politics of standardization.
Автор: Womack Kenneth, Decker James M. Название: Victorian Literary Cultures: Studies in Textual Subversion ISBN: 1683930215 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781683930211 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 12412.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: Victorian Literary Cultures: Studies in Textual Subversion is an anthology featuring leading critical voices, including such figures as Nancy Henry, Julian Wolfreys, Ira Nadel, Joseph Wiesenfarth, and William Baker, among others, as they address ideas of subversion in nineteenth-century literature.
Описание: With the rise of genomics, the life sciences have entered a new era. This book provides a comprehensive history of mapping procedures as they were developed in classical genetics.
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