The “forgotten majority” of German merchants in London between the end of the Hanseatic League and the end of the Napoleonic Wars became the largest mercantile Christian immigrant group in the eighteenth century. Using previously neglected and little used evidence, this book assesses the causes of their migration, the establishment of their businesses in the capital, and the global reach of the enterprises. As the acquisition of British nationality was the admission ticket to Britain’s commercial empire, it investigates the commercial function of British naturalization policy in the early modern period, while also considering the risks of failure and chance for a new beginning in a foreign environment. As more German merchants integrated into British commercial society, they contributed to London becoming the leading place of exchange between the European continent, Russia, and the New World.
Описание: This book is written for anyone interested in Chinese history, Chinese business, banking, family structure, and local society over two crucial centuries in the making of modern China. It reveals how some Chinese families acquired and retained great wealth and power over the Chinese economy.
Описание: An engaging new history of the Muslim merchants who settled in China`s port cities from the eighth to fourteenth centuries. As a far-flung trade diaspora bound by a common faith, they contributed greatly to the maritime trade that flourished across maritime Asia and which helped to shape the pre-modern world.
Описание: Offers insight, using the example of the Chesapeake Bay fur trade, into how the different elements of transatlantic trade in the seventeenth century fitted together.
Описание: This book is written for anyone interested in Chinese history, Chinese business, banking, family structure, and local society over two crucial centuries in the making of modern China. It reveals how some Chinese families acquired and retained great wealth and power over the Chinese economy.
Описание: In the wake of the 1688 revolution, England's transition to financial capitalism accelerated dramatically. Londoners witnessed the rise of credit-based currencies, securities markets, speculative bubbles, insurance schemes, and lotteries. Many understood these phenomena in terms shaped by their experience with another risky venture at the heart of London life: the public theater. Speculative Enterprise traces the links these observers drew between the operations of Drury Lane and Exchange Alley, including their hypercommercialism, dependence on collective opinion, and accessibility to people of different classes and genders.Mattie Burkert identifies a discursive ""theater-finance nexus"" at work in plays by Colley Cibber, Richard Steele, and Susanna Centlivre as well as in the vibrant eighteenth-century media landscape. As Burkert demonstrates, the stock market and the entertainment industry were recognized as deeply interconnected institutions that, when considered together, illuminated the nature of the public more broadly and gave rise to new modes of publicity and resistance. In telling this story, Speculative Enterprise combines methods from literary studies, theater and performance history, media theory, and work on print and material culture to provide a fresh understanding of the centrality of theater to public life in eighteenth-century London.
Автор: Millward, Robert Название: Private and public enterprise in europe ISBN: 0521068282 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780521068284 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 7445.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Описание: This 2005 book is a comparative history of the economic organisation of energy, telecommunications and transport in Europe. It examines the role played by private and public enterprise in their construction and operation from the arrival of the railways in the 1830s to the eve of privatisation in the 1980s.
Описание: This book illustrates the decline of the state-encouraged revival and legitimization of private enterprises in 1980s China. Chen argues that the rapid growth of private enterprises strengthened the fiscal power of the state, leading the Chinese government to take an increasingly interventionist stance.
Автор: Geoffrey Denton Название: Trade Effects of Public Subsidies to Private Enterprise ISBN: 1349022640 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781349022649 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 2794.00 р. Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Part I: MAPPING THE DYNAMICS OF WELFARE MARKETS. - 1. Introduction: From the Emergence to the Dynamics of Welfare Markets; Clйmence Ledoux, Karen Shire, Franca van Hooren.- 2. Changing States, Changing Citizens, Changing Politics?; Jane Gingrich.- 3.The European Union and Multi-Level Contention Over Welfare Markets; Amandine Crespy. - Part 2: (RE)CONSTRUCTING WELFARE MARKETS. - 4. Welfare Markets and Home-Based Domestic/Care Services: Market Dynamics and Mechanisms in Two Different Institutional Contexts - Spain and Sweden; Zenia Hellgren and Barbara Hobson.- 5. The Failure of a Welfare Market: State-Subsidized Private Pensions between Economic Developments and Media Discourses; Frank Nullmeier.- 6. The Role of Evidence and Commissions in the Dynamics of German and Swedish Pension Markets; Stephan Kцppe.- Part III: THE DYNAMICS ON THE USER SIDE.- 7. 'Disorientation' in a Capricious Welfare Market: The Case of the German Pension System; Ingo Bode and Ralph Lьth.- 8. Being Dependent and an Employer: The Realities of Private Individual Employment for Dependent Elderly People in France; Eve Meuret-Campfort.- 9. The Political Dynamics of Welfare Markets: The Emergence of Consumer Organisations in the Field of Social Policy; Florian Blank.- Part IV. THE DYNAMICS OF FIRMS AND EMPLOYERS.- 10. The Politics of Segmentation and De-Segmentation of the French Market for Private Retirement Accounts; Marek Naczik.- 11. The Development of Occupational Pension Markets in the European Union and Lithuania: Regulation and Challenges; Audrius Bitinas.- 12. Becoming an Organised Actor in a Welfare Market: Employers' Organisations in the French In-Home Domestic/Care Services Sector; Clйmence Ledoux Rafael Encinas de Munagorri, Virginie Guiraudon.- Part V. THE DYNAMICS ON THE LABOUR SIDE.- 13. Informalisation of Work and Workers' Voice in Welfare Markets for In-Home Domestic/Care Service in Germany; Birgit Apitzsch and Karen Shire.- 14. Trade Unions and Welfare Markets: Comparing Dynamics in Three Domestic/Care Markets in the Netherlands; Franca van Hooren. - 15. Workers on Welfare Markets and the Appropriation of Their Rights: The Case of Mothers' Assistants in France since 1977; Marie Cartier.
Описание: In A Dissimulated Trade, German Jimenez-Montes sheds light on the role of foreigners in the Spanish empire. Making use of the rich collection of notarial deeds available at the Archivo Historico Provincial de Sevilla, this book examines how a group of Dutch, Flemish and German merchants came to dominate the supply of timber in Seville. With this microhistory, German Jimenez-Montes offers a new account on the trade between Andalusia and northern Europe at the end of the sixteenth century, focusing on a resource that was essential for Seville’s economy and Spain’s imperial aspirations.
Описание: In the early 19th century, Middletown, Connecticuts waterfront was a busy, international shipping port, rivaling New York, Providence and Newport. It was ideally located twenty-six miles upriver from danger-prone Atlantic waters, and central to the ports principal function: shipping much needed goods to-and-from destinations in the West Indies, home of large White-owned sugar plantations and their enslaved workers. Into this burgeoning New England waterfront scene, Samuel Russell was born, in 1789. Purportedly the son and grandson of ship captains, Russell lived with his extended family just blocks from the riverfront. Russells father died in 1811, when he was just twelve, leaving him, as the eldest boy, to fend for himself and his family on the streets and docks of this town of 5400 residents. Most men in those days were destined for a life of farming. But, for Sam Russell, modern times and unique circumstances of his coming-of-age in this riverfront community took a very different-and life-changing-turn. The bridge between the 18th and 19th centuries marked the corresponding birth of a new American nation and emergence of the Industrial Age. Ideally, the nascent United States, emboldened by a credo of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, had the resources and desire to benefit from the riches of European markets. Living and working in this busy riverfront community, and with a familys sea-going legacy, together with personal qualities, later documented by a peer, of "honesty, integrity, and reliability," soon earned Russell (in his twenties) a European-bound trading assignment. In 1819, after two successful European trips, his employer directed him, as an agent, to repeat the European venture, then sail directly to Canton, China, at the head of the Pearl River, using sales proceeds to set up a trading company. Following a three-month voyage, he would join other Western interests, principally the English, in a location there called, the Thirteen Factories. The objective: selling New England-made goods and produce to the Chinese, in exchange for tea, silks and porcelain. The problem was, the Chinese-long an isolated and self-sufficient nation-werent interested. After a concerted effort, spanning several months, Russell eventual chose a more controversial, but highly profitable route for his new entity, Russell & Co. Writing to his partners in Providence, noting the success of the British East India Company in their wealth-building dealings with local merchants and Cantonese brokers, he notified them of his decision to also deal in opium. The change in strategy was straight forward. First, sail to Turkey or India, where cotton goods were in demand. Trade for local opium and proceed to China, where there was a limitless and eager clientele for opium. Use the proceeds to purchase silks, tea, and porcelain, then head home to place those goods on sale, sometimes right at dockside. Then repeat. This work of historical fiction explores the moral and ethical choices made in a place and time when opium was not illegal but regarded as damaging to a nations productivity and well-being. Colonialism, racial and ethnic bias, and the absence of international regulations had opened many doors for Western businessmen. Merchants of Deceit explores many of these themes, as told through the first-hand perspective of Samuel Russell, rising to prominence in Canton, China, as he unwittingly redirected the course of world history.
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